名 称	性 味	功 能	Name	Properties	Function
冰	甘，大寒	去热消暑，解渴除烦	ice	sweet, very cold	clears summer-heat, relieves restlessness
粳米	甘，平	补中益气，健脾和胃，除烦渴	Japonica rice	sweet, neutral	invigorates the Middle burner and replenishes Qi, strengthens the spleen and stomach, relieves restlessness, quenches thirsty
糯米	甘，温	补中益气，健脾止泻	sweet rice	sweet, warm	invigorats the middle burner and replenishes Qi, strengthens spleen and arrests diarrhea
小麦	甘，凉	养心益肾，止渴除热，通淋止泻	wheat	sweet, cool	nourishes heart and replenishes kidney, quenches thirsty and clears heat, inproves strangurious and arrests diarrhea
大麦	甘，咸，凉	利尿通淋，和脾胃	barley	sweet, salty, cool	induces diuresis, inproves strangurious, harmonizes the spleen and the stomach
荞麦	甘，凉	下气消积，止带浊	buckwheat	sweet, cool	directs qi downward, expels indigested food and reduces leukorrhea
高粱	甘，涩，温	下气消积，止带浊	sorghum	sweet, astringent, warm	strengthens spleen and replenishes stomach
粟米	甘，咸，凉	健脾益胃	millet	sweet, salty, cool	strengthens spleen and regulates stomach
玉蜀黍	甘，平	调中和胃，利尿排石，降脂降压，降血糖	maize	sweet, neutral	regulates middle burner and stomach, promotes urine, discharges stone, reduces lipid and blood pressure and sugar
薏苡仁	甘，淡，凉	利水渗湿，健脾止泻	coix seed	sweet, bland, cool	promotes urine, strengthens spleen and arrests diarrhea
绿豆	甘，凉	清热解毒，清暑利尿	green bean	sweet, cool	clears heat, resolves toxicity, clears summer-heat, promotes urine
绿豆芽	甘，寒	清热解毒	green bean sprouts	sweet, cold	clears heat, resolves toxicity
赤豆	甘，酸，平	利水除湿，消肿解毒	red bean	sweet, sour, neutral	promotes diuresis, removes dampness, subdues swelling, resolves toxicity
刀豆	甘，温	温中下气，益肾补元	sword bean	sweet, warm	warms middle burner, directs qi downward, replenishes kidney
蚕豆	甘，平	健脾利湿	broad bean	sweet, neutral	Tonifys spleen, removes dampness
豌豆	甘，平	补中益气，利小便	pea	sweet, neutral	Tonifys middle burner and qi, promotes diuresis
扁豆	甘，平	健脾和中，化湿	hyacinth bean	sweet, neutral	Strengthens spleen, regulates middle burner and transfers dampness
黑大豆	甘，平	活血利水，解毒	black soy bean	sweet, neutral	Removes blood stasis, induces diuresis, resolves toxicity
黄大豆	甘，平	健脾宽中	soybean	sweet, neutral	Strengthens spleen, smoothes liver qi

黄豆芽	甘，寒	清热，利湿祛疣	bean sprouts	sweet, cold	Clears heat, promotes diuresis, removes wart
豆腐	甘，凉	生津润燥，清热解毒，催乳	bean curd	sweet, cool	Promotes products of the body fluid, clears heat toxicity, promotes lactation
豆腐皮	甘，淡，平	清肺养胃，止咳消痰，敛汗	skin of soybean milk	sweet, bland, neutral	clears heat in the lung, arrests cough reduces phlegm, arrests sweating
豆腐浆	甘，平	补虚，清火，化痰	soybean milk	sweet, neutral	tonifies deficiency, clears fire, transfers phlegm
豆腐乳	甘，平	养胃调中	fermented bean curd	sweet, neutral	Nourishes stomach harmonizes middle burner
水芹	甘，辛，凉	清热利水，止血止带	water celery	sweet, acrid, cool	Clears heat, alleviates water retention with diuresis, arrests bleeding and leukorrhea
旱芹	甘，苦，凉	平肝清热，利湿治淋	celery	sweet, bitter, cool	calms the liver, clears heat, induces damp, arrests strangurious
苋菜	甘，凉	清热利尿，透疹	edible amaranth	sweet, cool	Clears heat, promotes urine, promotes eruption
白菜	甘，平	清热除烦，通利肠胃，利尿	Chinese cabbage	sweet, neutral	Clears heat, calms restless, promotes digesting and urine
包心菜	甘，平	清热散结，健胃通络	cabbage	sweet, neutral	clears heat expels stagnation, strengthens stomach, actives the channel
菠菜	甘，凉	清热除烦，解渴通便	spinach	sweet, cool	clears heat, relieves restless, arrests thirsty, free the movement of the bowels,
茼蒿	辛，甘，平	消痰饮，降压	crowndaisy chrysanthemum	acrid, sweet, neutral	expels phlegm, reduces blood pressure
洋葱	辛，温	清热化痰	onion	acrid, warm	clears heat, transfers phlegm
韭菜	辛，温	温阳下气，宣痹止痛，散血降脂	leeks	acrid, warm	Warms yang, directs qi downward, arrests rheumatism and pain , disperses blood stasis, reduces lipid
莴苣	甘，苦，寒	清热利水，通乳	lettuce	sweet, bitter, cold	clears heat, promotes urine, increases lactation
大蒜	辛，温	解毒杀虫，止咳祛痰，宣窍通闭	garlic	acrid, warm	resolves toxicity, kills  parasite, arrests cough, expels phlegm, induces resuscienstation
芫荽	辛，温	发汗透疹，消食下积，清热利尿	coriander	acrid, warm	promotes eruption and indigestion, clears heat, induces urine and diaphoresis
茴香菜	甘，辛，温	行气止痛	fennel	sweet, acrid, warm	promotes qi circulation and arrests pain
葱	辛，温	发表，通阳	scallion	acrid, warm	relieves superficies, activates yang
毛笋	甘，寒	清热消痰，利尿消肿，止泻痢	bamboo shoot	sweet, cold	clears heat, expels phlegm, promotes urine reduces swelling, arrests diarrhea

芦笋	苦，甘，微温	抗痨，抗癌	asparagus	bitter, sweet, slight warm	Anti-TB and cancer
白萝卜	辛，甘，凉	消食化痰，下气宽中	white radish	acrid, sweet, cool	promotes digestion, transfers phlegm, directs qi downward, smoothes qi in middle burner
胡萝卜	甘，平	健脾化滞，润燥明目	carrot	sweet, neutral	strengthens the spleen, promotes digesting food, increases body fluid, improves acuity of vision
慈菇	苦，甘，微寒	润肺止咳，通淋止血	arrowhead	bitter, sweet, slight cold	moistens the lung, arrests cough and strangurious, stops bleeding
藕	甘，寒	清热润肺，凉血行瘀	lotus root	sweet, cold	clears heat, moistens the lung, cool the heat in blood, removes blood stasis
百合	甘，微苦，平	润肺止咳，清心安神	lily	sweet, slight bitter, neutral	moistens the lung, arrests cough, clears heart, tranquilization
生姜	辛，温	发表散寒，健脾止呕	ginger	acrid, warm	relieves superficies symptoms, strengthens the spleen, arrests vomiting
马铃薯	甘，平	益气健脾，调中和胃	potato	sweet, neutral	tonifies qi, strengthens the spleen, harmonizes stomach
山药	甘，平	健脾，补肺，止渴，益精固肾	yam	sweet, neutral	strengthens the spleen, tonifies the lung and  kidney, quenches thirsty, controls spontaneous  emission
冬瓜	甘，淡，凉	清热利水，消肿解毒，生津除烦	winter melon	sweet, bland, cool	clears heat, promotes urine, detumescence, resolves toxicity, promotes body fluid, arrests restless
丝瓜	甘，凉	清热化痰，止咳平喘，通络	loofah gourd	sweet, cool	clears heat, transfers phlegm, arrests cough and asthma, activates  channel
黄瓜	甘，寒	清热止渴，利水解毒	cucumber	sweet, cold	clears heat, quenches thirst, promotes urine, resolves toxicity
南瓜	甘，温	温中平喘，杀虫解毒	pumpkin	sweet, warm	warms middle burner, arrests asthma, kills parasite, resolves toxicity
苦瓜	苦，寒	清暑解毒，明目	bitter melon	bitter, cold	clears summer hot, improves acuity of vision
番茄	甘，酸，微寒	生津止渴	tomato	sweet, sour, slight cold	promotes body fluid, quenches thirst
茄子	甘，凉	清热消肿利尿，健脾和胃	eggplant	sweet, cool	clears heat, detumescence, promotes urine, strengthens the spleen, harmonizes stomach
辣椒	辛，热	温中散寒，开胃除湿	chili	acrid, hot	warms middle burner, dispels cold, induces  appetite, removes dampness
白木耳	甘，淡，平	滋阴润肺	tremella	sweet, bland, neutral	nourishes yin, moistens the lung
磨菇	甘，凉	补益肠胃，化痰散寒	mushroom	sweet, cool	strengthens digest system, transfers phlegm, dispels cold
荸荠	甘，寒	清热化痰，消积，利湿	water chestnut	sweet, cold	clears heat, transfers phlegm, removes stagnation, induces dampness

香蕉	甘，寒	清热润肠，解毒止痛	banana	sweet, cold	clears heat, looses the bowel, resolves toxicity, arrests pain
柿子	甘，寒	清热润肺，止咳，消瘿	persimmon	sweet, stringent, cold	clears heat, moistens the lung, arrests cough, reduces goiter
李子	甘，酸，平	清热涤痰，生津，利水	plum	sweet, sour, neutral	clears liver heat, promotes body fluid, induces urine
梅子	酸，涩，平	生津，止渴化痰，止泻止痢	plum	sour, stringent, neutral	promotes body fluid, quenches thirst, transfers phlegm, arrests diarrhea
杏	酸，甘，温	生津止渴，止泻	apricot	sour, sweet, warm	promotes body fluid, quenches thirst, arrests diarrhea
杨梅	甘，酸，温	生津止渴，和胃消食，止痢	red bayberry	sweet, sour, warm	Promotes body fluid, quenches thirst, harmonizes stomach, promotes digestion, arrests diarrhea
山楂	甘，酸，微温	消食积，散瘀，利尿，止泻	haw	sweet, sour, slight warm	promotes digestion,  dispels blood stasis, induces urine, arrests diarrhea
橘	甘，酸，凉	开胃理气，止渴润肺	tangerine	sweet, sour, cool	appetizing, smoothes qi, quenches thirst, moistens the lung
柚	甘，酸，寒	消食下痰，理气平喘	pomelo	sweet, sour, cold	promotes digestion, reduces phlegm, smoothes qi, arrests asthma
梨	甘，微酸，凉	生津，润燥，清热，化痰	pear	sweet, slight sour, cool	promotes body fluid, moistens dryness, clears heat, transfers phlegm
桃子	甘，酸，温	生津，润肠，活血，止喘，降压	peach	sweet, sour, warm	promotes body fluid, looses bowel, removes blood stasis, arrests asthma, reduces blood pressure
柠檬	酸，平	生津止渴，安胎消脂	lemon	sour, neutral	promotes body fluid, quenches thirst, reduces lipid, prevents abortion
苹果	甘，凉	生津润肺，消炎止渴	apple	sweet, cool	promotes body fluid, moistens the lung, anti inflammation, quenches thirst, arrests diarrhea
葡萄	甘，酸，平	补气血，强筋骨，安胎，利尿，除烦止渴	grape	weet, sour, neutral	tonifies qi and blood, strengthens muscles and bones, anti abortion, induces urine, arrests restless and quenches thirst
枇杷	甘，酸，凉	润肺止渴，止咳化痰	loquat	sweet, sour, cool	quenches thirst by moistening the lung, transfers phlegm, arrests cough
龙眼肉	甘，温	益心脾，补气血，安神，健脾止泻，利尿消肿	longan	sweet, warm	tonifies the heart and the spleen, tranquilization, arrests diarrhea by strengthening the spleen, detumescence, induces urine
荔枝	甘，酸，温	生津益血，健脾止泻，温中理气，降逆	lychee	sweet, sour, warm	nourishes blood, promotes body fluid, strengthens the spleen, arrests diarrhea, warms middle burner, smoothes qi,  lowers the adverse flow of qi
石榴	甘，酸，温	涩肠，止血，止咳	pomegranate	sweet, sour, warm	astringes intestine to arrest diarrhea, stops bleeding, arrests cough
猕猴桃	甘，酸，寒	解热，止渴，抗癌，和胃降逆	kiwi fruit	sweet, sour, cold	relieves heat, quenches thirst, anti cancer, harmonizes stomach, lowers adverse flow of qi
椰子	甘，温	清暑解渴，强心利尿，驱虫，止吐泻	coconut	sweet, warm	clears summer heat, quenches thirst, exerts a tonic effect on the heart to induce diuresis, expels parasite, arrests vomiting and diarrhea

白果	甘，涩，苦，平	敛肺气，定喘嗽，止带浊，缩小便，驱虫	gingko	sweet, stringent, bitter, neutral	arrests diarrhea by astringes the lung qi, arrests asthma and leucorrhea, reduces urination
胡桃仁	甘，温	补肾固精，温肺定喘，润肠，排石	walnut	sweet, warm	tonifies the kidney to arrest spontaneous emission, arrests asthma by warming the lung, looses the bowel, discharges stone
大枣	甘，温	补脾和胃，益气生津，调营卫，降血脂，抗癌	date	sweet, warm	tonifies the spleen and harmonizes stomach, tonifies qi and promotes body fluid, harmonizes yin and wei, reduces lipid, anti cancer
栗子	甘，温	养胃健脾，补肾强筋，活血止血，止咳化痰	chestnut	sweet, warm	nourishes stomach and kidney, strengthens spleen and muscles, removes blood stasis, arrests bleeding, transfers phlegm, arrests cough
菱	甘，凉	生食清暑解热，除烦止渴;熟食益气健脾	water chestnut	sweet, cool	raw one: clears summer heat, arrests restless, quenches thirst; ripe one: nourish qi strengthens the spleen
向日葵子	甘，平	降压，治痢，驱虫	sunflower seeds	sweet, neutral	reduces blood pressure, treats dysentery, expels parasite
莲子	甘，涩，平	养心，益肾，补脾，涩肠，止血	lotus seeds	sweet, stringent, neutral	nourishes the heart and the kidney, tonifies the spleen, astringents the intestine to arrest diarrhea, arrests bleeding
松子	甘，温	润肺，滑肠	pine nut	sweet, warm	moistens the lung, looses thee bowel
落花生	甘，平	润肺和胃，止咳，利尿，下乳	peanut	sweet, neutral	moistens the lung, harmonizes the stomach, arrests cough, induces urine, promotes lactation
南瓜子	甘，平	驱虫，止咳	pumpkin seed	sweet, neutral	expels parasite, arrests cough
甜杏仁	甘，平	润肺平喘	sweet almond	sweet, neutral	moistens the lung arrests asthma
西瓜	甘，寒	清热解毒，除烦止渴，利小便，降血压	water melon	sweet, cold	clears heat, resolves toxicity, arrests restless, quenches thirst, induces urine, reduces blood pressure
猪肉	甘，咸，平	滋阴，润燥，益气	pork	sweet, salty, neutral	nourishes yin, moistens dryness, replenishes qi
猪蹄	甘，咸，平	补血，通乳，托疮	pig’s foot	sweet, salty, neutral	tonifies blood, promotes lactation, heals wound
猪肚	甘，温	补虚损，健脾胃，止渴	pig’s stomach	sweet, warm	tonisies deficiency, strengthens the spleen and stomach, quenches thirst
猪肝	甘，苦，温	补肝，养血，明目，利尿	pig’s liver	sweet, bitter, warm	nourishes the liver and blood, promotes acuity of vision, induces urine
猪肾	咸，平	补肾壮腰，补虚劳	pig’s kidney	salty, neutral	tonifis kidney, strengthens lower back, treats consumptive disease
猪髓	甘，寒	补阴益髓，祛风，止渴	pig’s marrow	sweet, cold	tonifies yin nourishes bone marrow, expels wind, quenches thirst
牛肉	甘，平	补脾胃，益气血，强筋骨	beef	sweet, neutral	tonifies the spleen, replenishes qi and blood, strengthens the muscle and the bone
羊肉	甘，温	益气补虚，温中暖下	mutton	sweet, warm	nourishes qi, tonifies deficiency, warms biddle and lower burner

鹿肉	甘，温	补五脏，调血脉，壮阳，下乳	venison	sweet, warm	tonifies five viscera, adjusts blood vessel which qi and blood circulating in, strengthens yang, promotes lactation
鸡肉	甘，温	温中益气，补精添髓，降逆	chicken	sweet, warm	warms middle burner, tonifies qi, replenishes vital essence and marrow, reverses flow of qi
鸭肉	甘，咸，平	滋阴养胃，利水消肿，健脾补虚	duck	sweet, salty, neutral	nourishes yin and stomach, induces urine and reduces swollen, strengthens the spleen, tonifies deficiency
鹅肉	甘，平	益气补虚，和胃止渴	goose	sweet, neutral	tonifies deficiency, replenishes qi, harmonizes stomach, quenches thirst
海参	咸，温	补肾益精，养血润燥，止血消炎，和胃止渴	sea cucumber	salty, warm	tonifies kidney and vital essence, nourishes blood, moistens dryness, arrests bleeding, anti inflammation, harmonizes stomach, quenches thirst
海蜇	咸，平	化痰软坚，平肝解毒，止咳降压，养阴消疡	jellyfish	salty, neutral	resolves phlegm, softens hard mass, calms the liver yang, resolves toxicity, arrests cough, reduces blood pressure, nourishes yin and treats ulcer
虾	甘，温	补肾壮阳，通乳，托毒，祛风痰	shrimp	sweet, warm	tonifies kidney and yang, promotes lactation, resolves toxicity, expels wind-phlegm
对虾	甘，咸	补肾壮阳，益气开胃，祛风通络	prawn	sweet, salty	tonifies kidney and yang, replenishes qi and appetizing, expels wind, actives channel
蟹	咸，寒	益阴补髓，清热散血，利湿	crab	salty, cold	nourishes yin and marrow, clears heat, removes blood stasis, removes dampness by diuresis
乌贼鱼	咸，平	养血滋阴，通经，制酸	inkfish	salty, neutral	nourishes blood and yin, restores menstrual flow, reduces stomach acid
带鱼	甘，温	养肝补血，和中开胃，消瘿瘤	ribbonfish	sweet, warm	nourishes the liver and blood, harmonizes stomach, appetizing, reduces goiter
银鱼	甘，平	补虚健脾，益肺利水，消积	whitbait	sweet, neutral	tonifies deficiency, strengthens the spleen and the lung, induces diuresis, reduces mass
鲫鱼	甘，平	健脾胃，止消渴，理疝气	crucian	sweet, neutral	strengthens the spleen and the stomach, quenches thirst, reduces hernia
鲤鱼	甘，平	利水消肿，下气通乳，镇惊安胎，退黄	carp	sweet, neutral	induces diuresis reduces edema, directs qi, promotes  downward, promotes lactation, relieves convulsion, arrests abortion, reduces jaundice
鲢鱼	甘，温	温中益气，利水止咳	silver carp	sweet, warm	warms middle burner, tonifies qi, induces diuresis, arrests cough
鲥鱼	甘，平	益气补虚，清热解毒	hilsa herring	sweet, neutral	tonifies qi and deficiency, clears heat, resolves toxicity
鳖	甘，平	滋阴补虚，截疟	soft shelled turtle	sweet, neutral	nourishes yin, tonifies deficiency, arrests malaria
龟肉	咸，甘，平	滋阴补血，补肾健骨，降火止泻	tortoise	salty, sweet, neutral	nourishes yin and blood, tonifies kidney, strengthens bone, reduces fire and arrests diarrhea
泥鳅	甘，平	补中气，祛湿邪，清热，壮阳	loach	sweet, neutral	tonifies qi in the middle burner, expels dampness, clears heat, strengthens yang
海带	咸，寒	清热利水，软坚消瘿，止血	Kelp	salty, cold	clears heat, induces diuresis, softens mass, reduces goiter, arrests bleeding

干贝	甘，咸，平	滋阴补肾，和胃调中	dried scallop	sweet, salty, neutral	nourishes yin and kidney, harmonizes stomach
牛乳	甘，平	补虚损，益肺胃，生津润肠	milk	sweet, neutral	tonifies deficiency, enforces the lung and th stomach, nourishes body fluid, looses the bowel
羊乳	甘，温	润燥补虚	goat milk	sweet, warm	moistens dryness, tonifies deficiency
鸡蛋	甘，平	滋阴润燥，养心安神	egg	sweet, neutral	nourishes yin and heart, moistens dryness, tranquilizing
鸭蛋	甘，凉	滋阴清肺，止咳止痢	duck’s egg	sweet, cool	nourishes yin, clears heat in the lung, arrests cough and diarrhea
蛇肉	甘，温	祛风，杀虫	snake	sweet, warm	expels wind, kills parasite
白糖	甘，平	润肺生津，补益中气	white sugar	sweet, neutral	nourishes the lung, promotes body fluid, tonifies qi in the middle burner
红糖	甘，温	补中缓肝，和血化瘀，调经，和胃	black sugar	sweet, warm	tonifis middle burner and smoothes the liver qi, removes blood stasis, harmonizes menstrual and the stomach
冰糖	甘，平	补中益气，和胃润肺，止咳化痰，养阴止汗	crystal sugar	sweet, neutral	tonifies qi in the middle burner, harmonizes the stomach, moistens the lung, arrests cough, transfers phlegm, nourishes yin and arrests sweat
食盐	咸，寒	清火，凉血，涌吐	table salt	salty, cold	clears fire, cool the heat in the blood, induces vomiting
酱油	咸，寒	清热除烦，解毒	soy sauce	salty, cold	clears heat, arrests restless, resolves toxicity
醋	酸，苦，温	活血化瘀，消食化积，消肿软坚，解毒疗疮	vinegar	sour, bitter, warm	removes blood stasis, whets appetite, soften mass, reduces edema, resolves toxicity, reduces ulcer
酒	甘，苦，辛，温	通血脉，御寒气，行药势	liquor	sweet, bitter, acrid, warm	actives channel prevents cold, promotes function of herbal medicine.
花椒	辛，温	温中散寒，除湿，止痛，杀虫，解鱼腥毒	wild pepper	acrid, warm	warms middle burner, expels cold and dampness, arrests pain, kills parasite, resolves toxicity of fish
胡椒	辛，热	温中下气，消痰，解毒，和胃	pepper	acrid, hot	warms middle burner, directs qi downward, expels phlegm, resolves toxicity, harmonizes the stomach
茶叶	苦，甘，凉	生津止渴，清热解毒，祛湿利尿，消食止泻，清心提神	tea leaves	bitter, sweet, cool	promotes body fluid, quenches thirst, clears heat and toxicity, expels dampness, induces diuresis, whets appetite, arrests diarrhea, clears heat in the heart, refreshes one’s perk up
蜂蜜	甘，平	补中润燥，缓急解毒，降压通便	honey	sweet, neutral	tonifies middle burner, moistens dryness, relieves spasm, resolves toxicity, reduces blood pressure, looses the bowel
黑芝麻	甘，平	滋养肝肾，润燥滑肠	black sesame seed	sweet, neutral	nourishes the liver and kidney, moistens dryness and losses the bowel
麻油	甘，凉	润畅通便，解毒生肌	sesame oil	sweet, cool	moistens and losses  the bowel, resolves toxicity and regenerates the tissue
菜子油	辛，温	通便，解毒	vegetable oil	acrid, warm	Looses the bowel, resolves toxicity

花生油	甘，平	滑肠下积	peanut oil	sweet, neutral	Laxation, reduces stagnation
玫瑰花	甘，微苦，温	理气解郁，和血散瘀	rose	sweet, slight bitter, warm	Regulates flow of qi and alleviates mental depression, directs qi downward,  promotes lactation, tranquilizing, prevents miscarriage, treats jaundice
桂花	辛，温	化痰，散瘀，温中散寒，暖胃止痛	sweet-scented osmanthus	acrid, warm	warms middle burner, tonifies qi, induces diuresis, arrests cough
末莉花	辛，甘，温	理气，开郁，辟秽，和中	jasmine	acrid, sweet, warm	reinforce qi, tonifies deficiency, clears heat, resolves toxicity